Ring-spinning apparatus.



No. 758,275. PATBNTED APR. 26, 1904.

. G. PALEY.

RIN SPINNING APPARATUS,

Ar'rmcn'ioN mm) 1130; 10,1903;

K0 MODEL.

N No. 758,275. PATENTED APR.26,1904.

- I e. PALBL RING SPINNING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 10, 1903- No 3101121.. s enna-sunnz.

33lo-v 758,275.

UNITED STATES GEORGE PALEY, or

Patented April 26, 1904,-

PATENT OFFICE. f

PRESTON, ENGLAND.

RING-SPINNING APF ARATUSL SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No; 758,2?5, dated April 26, 1904.

Application filed December 10, 1903. Serial No. 184,555. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern;

Be it known that I, GEORGE PALEY, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of Preston, county of Lancaster, Eng land,have invented an Improvement in Ring- Spinning Apparatus, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

There has always existed a vital difliculty with ring-spinning which affected the quality of the yarn spun and made it undesirable for.

the yarn is wound upon the yarn-receiver or bobbin by atraveler, usually made of small. .wire, revolving upon a hardened ring. When the bobbin is empty or nearly empty, the angle of the yarn from the traveler to the bobbin is verydifierent from the angle when they bobbin is full, making it more difiicult for:

the yarn to move the traveler around the ring when the bobbin is nearly empty, 3Hd,fl1I'-: ther'than that, the larger-sized bobbin will.

independent of this angle move the traveler around the ring much more easily. From these differences it results that the weight of traveler which winds properly on the empty? bobbin will cause improper winding onvthei full bobbin, and it has been found desirablei in practical ring-spinning to usea traveler-c,v which is not correct in weight 3 either for i 35.

empty or full bobbin, but. for perhaps an average between the two... 1A8 a consequence,

-the yarn on the empty bobbin is unduly stretched and made uneven and is inclined to break frequently in spinning, as well as in subsequent processes, while the yarn laid on the full bobbin is loosely wound andinclined to throw out and balloon in the process of spinning, causing yarn-breakage by striking edjacentthreads, while the cops or bobbins Further-- are inclined to break in weaving. more, the amount of yarn on a cop or bobbin is reduced materially below what it would be if a continuous and proper tension were maintained. These difliculties manifest themselves particularly in spinning filling, though they also exist in spinning warp, and it is, in fact, found impractical to spin filling on a ringframe with as little twist as is desirable, because of the great amount of breakage caused by these uneven strains. This is no'theoretical or fancied trouble, but an actual difiiculty of great importance in practical manufactur ing. To overcome these difiiculties, and from my studies and experiments I believeI can do so entirely or substantially, I have devised means to, automatically apply a brake to the traveler independently of the yarn itself when the yarn load on thebobbin attains a certain diameter, the brake action or pressure increas- .ing from the comparatively empty to thefull bobbin or as the effective diameter increases and being-so graduated that the tension on the yarn being spun remains always practically the same. .This same principle may be used-to. equalize strains between the top andbottom of 7 0. the traverse in spinning with the filling wind, as well as between the full and empty bobbin. -By suitable control of the pressure of the brake it is possible to spin yarnl-on springframe with substantially uniform tension. I 7 5 amsthereby enabledtto use a trjavelenof suitable weight-to insure good spinning and with no stretch of fyarnon the empty bobbin, and .by maintaining thersame or a substantially-'- iuniform tension to spin more yarn between zdoffs, to produce a bobbin or cop better fitted .for weaving'olf inthe loom, anditordojaway with devices which have beeni heretofore deemed necessary to control ballooning, such as separators and the like. Lapply the brake 5 preferably to the under surface of the trav- L eler, which extends beyond the outside of the raceway of the ring. :The wear of-the trav-' eler as heretofore run andas it will be-;even r'; with my present invention will be princi-pa'lly 9 on the inside flange-of the ring, andthe'wear caused by the brake on theo'utside Willi-FY 110 way be increased, but may be diminished.

V The various novel features of my invention will be fully described in :the subjoined specification and particularly pointed out inthefollowing claims. 1

I have herein shown and described one practical embodiment of my invention and'the mode of operation thereof without attempt- I00 ing to specify or illustrate Various modifications thereof which would occur to those skilled in the art, and accordingly-the present embodiment of my invention may be varied or rearranged in various particulars without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention itself.

.Figure l is a front elevation of a portion of a spinning or twisting frame of well-known construction with one embodiment of my invention applied thereto, the parts being shown in the position assumed just about the beginning of the spinning operation. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional detail on the line 2 2, Fig.

1, looking toward the left. Fig. 3 isan en larged detail in elevation of one of the annular sup ports or rings, the traveler thereon, and

the device for braking the traveler, the ringrail being at the bottom of its traverse and the braking action at itsmaximum. Fig. 4:

is a'similar View, but showing the ring-rail at the top of its trav'erse, the braking of the traveler then being at the minimum. Fig. 5 is a top or plan view'of the parts shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a 'diametral section on the line 6 6,

Fig. '5, the yarn-receiver or bobbin being omitted; and Fig. 7 'is a sectional View of a bobbin with yarn laid thereon with the filling" wind, to be referred to.

In the present embodiment of my invention the apparatus is arranged to lay the yarn upon the yarn-receiver with the filling wind, the traverse of the ring-rail being. constant; but as each layer of yarn is laid the rail rises a little higher than on the preceding stroke and does not descend quite so low as it did on the preceding'descent, to thereby effect the gain of the traverse as the bobbin or yarn-receiver is filled in a manner ffamiliar to those skilled in the art.

' Referring to Fig. 1, the frame A, spindle rail Rflsupporting a series of rotatable spindles adapted to receive and rotate yarn-receivers or bobbins n, the vertically-reciprocating ring-rail R, provided with rings R, one for each yarn-receiver, the travelers 2, of usual construction, each in operative engagement with the laterally-enlarged or double-flanged headr of each ring, the lifter-rods L, the

rocker L cooperating with each lifter-rod and provided with the weight W to elevate the ring-rail, and the upturned rocker-arm L, rigidly connected with each rocker, may be and are of well-known construction, the arms L" in practice being connected'to' swmg in unison,

so that power applied to one rocker Will be transmitted to the other rocker and thence ing laid upon'the bare bobbin;

and are of usual construction, it being understood that the gradual unwinding of the chain O secured at one'end on the drum and connected to one of the rocker-arms L, eifects the gain of the traverse, whereby at each upstroke of the ring-rail it rises a little higher and at each downstroke' it descends not quite so low as on the previous downstroke to lay the yarn in successive layers upon the yarnreceiver or bobbin n from the lower end or base thereof to theupper end.

As shown most clearly in Figs. 3, 4t, and 6, the rings R are mounted on the ring-rail in any suitable manner, and their double-flanged heads r are straddled by the travelers t, the traveler being made of wire in the usual form and having its ends intu'rned toward each other, and when the traveler is revolving around the ring by or through the pull of the yarn as it passesthrough'the traveler to the yarn-receiver the centrifugal force acts upon the travelerto tip or turn it substantially into the position shown in Fig. 4, so that its outer end t drops considerably below the head 7''. In the particular form of apparatus herein shown the yarn is laid with the filling wind,

and consequently the diameter of the yarn load is greatest when the ring-rail is at the bottom of its traverse, such diameter gradually decreas ingas 'the rail moves upward, the minimurndiameter being attained at the top of the traverse,jas at that point the yarn is be- I It is well known that the tension or pull of the yarn on the traveler is at'the minimum when the di- IOC ameter of the yarn-receiver or the yarn load thereonis at its maximum, and the tension on the yarn increases as such diameter decreases. "Heretofore this variation in the tension of the yarn has made it practically impossible to spin slack-twisted yarn with a filling wind on a ring-frame for the reasons set forth at the beginning of the specification. By my present invention I apply a brake to the traveler when the yarn is being laid on the bobbin or the yarn-load of greatest diameter to retardthe movement or increase the resistance of the traveler and remove the brake when the minimum diameter is attained, the traveler being of such weight that it will exert the proper drag upon the yarn when the latter is being laid on the smallest diameter of receiver or yarn-load. This braking action upon'the traveler can be effected in various ways, and I have herein shown one convenient and effective'braking mechanism.

The ring below its head is externally thick ened, as at r (see Fig. 6,) to form an annular support for a ring-like brake 6, which is rotatably mounted upon the thickened portion of the ring and is also vertically movable. Referring to Figs. 3 and 4:, the lower edge of the brake is cut away or notched to present one or more cam-surfaces, as b, which cooperate with pins or studs 6*, extended radially IIC from the ring, and in the present embodiment of my 1nvent1on,-as shown in Fig. v5, four equidistant studs are mounted on each ring,

and correspondingly each brake will be pro vided with four of the cam-surfaces b to cooperate with the said studs. When the brake is turned so that the high part-of the camsurfaces cooperate with the studs, the said brake will be in its lowest position, as shown in Fig. 4, and the upper edge of the brake will be below and out of engagement with the lower outer end t of the traveler; but if the brake be turned in the direction of the arrow 5, Fig. 4c, the studs will act upon the camsurfaces to raise the brake against the outside portion of the traveler, and the maximum elevation, and consequently the maximum braking'action upon the traveler, will be attained when the brake has been turned far enough to bring the lowest portions of the cam-surfaces into cooperation with the studs. This position is shown in Fig. 3, and, as will be referred to hereinafter, this maximum braking effect takes place when the ring-rail is at the bottom of its traverse, as at such time the yarn is being laid upon the yarn-load of greatest diameter. Conversely the position of the brake (shown in Fig. l) occurs when the ringrail'is at the top of its traverse, as at such time no braking action is desired. Between these maximum and minimum braking positions a varying braking 2.0431011 1s effected,

. such action gradually decreasing as the ring- 'bar to the right.

rail rises and increasing gradually from Zero to the maximum as the ring-rail descends.

Referring to Fig. 1, an elongated slide-bar c is mounted on the ring-rail at the front thereof on the pins 0', which extend through longitudinal slots 0 in the bar, the latter being connected with each of the brakes Z) to rotate them in one direction or the other in unison, and for this purpose each brake has radially extended from it a pin 6 the outer end of which passes loosely between two upright lugs or studs 0 on the slide-bar, so that when said bar is moved to the left, viewing Fig. l, the brakes will be turned oppositely to the arrow 5, Fig. A, and lowered away from the travelers. When the slide-bar c is moved to the right, viewing Fig; l, the described connections between it and the brakes operate to turn the latter in the direction of the arrow 5 to apply the brakes to the travelers. A spring 5, secured at one end to the slide-bar,

is adjustably attached at its other end to alug 6, depending from the ring-rail and maintained in adjusted position by suitable checknuts 7 the spring tending to move the slide- Such movement is limited by a hook-like stop 0 adjustably secured by a slot-andpin connection 8 9 to the ring-rail, the stop engaging a projection 10 on the slidebar. By adjusting the stop 0 the movement of the slide-bar which applies the brakes can be regulated with great exactness.

A convenient mechanism for varying the brake action as the ring-rail rises and descends will now be described.

' A bracket r depending fromthe ring-rail, has fulcrumed upon it at r, Fig. 1, a bellcrank d cl, the shorter arm 0? thereof being upturned to engage a pin 12, extending from the slide-bar 0, while the longer arm 61? of the bell-crank is pivotally connected by a link 62 with the head f a vertically-slidable ratchetbar 6*. As shown in Fig. l, a series of holes 15 is made in the bell-crank arm 03 and a corresponding series of holes 16 in the head of the'ratchet-bar, so that the link (Z can be adjusted toward and from the fulcrum r of the bell-crank. A stand r", depending from the ringrail,is provided with a bearing r through which the ratchetbar slides, anda second bearing 20 for said ratchet-bar is provided on the girth A of the main frame. An adjustable stop 6 is mounted in a lug on the ratchet-bar above the hearing f, and the lower end of said bar is offset at e to support an upturned and adjustable stop 6 which is held securely in adjusted position by a checknut e. V The girth A has fulcrumed upon it at a a pawl f to cooperate with the ratchetbar in a manner to be described, said pawl havinga tail f, the beveled and f thereof normally engaging the beveled face f of a locking-arm f, fulcrumed on the girth A at f v The locking-arm is held in cooperative engagement with the tail f by a weighted and offset extension the upper end of which is overturned at f to rest upon the flange of the girth. An extension f projects from the lowerend of the locking-armoppositely to the weighted arm f 5 for a purpose to be described. I

In Fig. 1 the ring-rail is shown at nearly the bottom of its traverse and ready to continue its upward stroke to laya layer of yarn upon the yarn-receivers and the detent-pawl f is in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-bar, preventing any descent of the bar. As the rail rises from the position shown the weight of the longarm (Z of the bell-crank and the parts connected therewith causes the bell crank to rock on its fulcrum r and to swing the upper end of the arm d to the left. The slide-bar o is thereby moved to the left against the tension of the spring 8X, and as such movement of the slide-bar is gradual the brakes b will be gradually turned in a direction opposite to the arrow 5, Fig. 4L, to gradually'lower the brakes, and thereby diminish be remembered that at such time the travelers are unaffected by the brake mechanism. The final slight upward movement of the rail IIO their action upon the travelers, and this dimias it completes its traverse lifts the rack-bar now begins its descent, and as it descends the fulcrum 0 of the bell-crank (Z cl is lowered, permitting the spring 8 to act and move the slide-bar c to the right, viewing Fig. 1, as the bell-crank rocks on its fulcrum, thereby gradually increasing the brake action upon the travelers, such action increasing gradually as the rail descends until it has reached the lowest point of its traverse, and at such time the bellcrank and the rack-bar will be in the same relative position shown in Fig. 1. The ringrail, however, does not descend quite so far, and this is compensated for by the slight rise which was given to the rack-bar as the rail completed its upward stroke, the detent-pawl holding the rack-bar 'in such position. The operation described is repeated for each traverse of the ring-rail, the rack-bar being moved up a little at each upward stroke of the rail and being held in that position by the pawl f.

The yarn-receivers are thus filled with yarn,

the latter being laid on layer by layer, and as the brake action has been increased when the pull of the yarn on the traveler was least and increased when the yarn pull was greatest the tension on the yarn has been equalized throughout each successive traverse of the ring-rail, and the resultant yarn will be substantially uniform throughout the entire spinning operation. By the time the yarn-receivers or bobbins are filled the gradual elevation of the ratchet-bar will have brought the stop 6 into engagement with the shoulder f of the detent-pawl f to lock the latter out of engagement with the ratchet-teeth and at the same-timcdepressing the tail f, so that its-- beveled end f will wipe over the inclined or beveled face f of the locking-arm f swinging the said locking-arm in the direction of the arrow 30, Fig; 1, until the tail passes underneath the lower end of the beveled portion f 2 The pawlf is thereby held inoperative dur' ing the winding down of the rail, which operation is effected in well-known manner by or through the winding mechanism for the purpose of doffing the bobbins. as an arm 7*, carried by the ring-rail, is at that time brought into engagement with the arm f and as the ring-rail reaches its lowest position, which position is a little lower than that shown in Fig. 1, the locking-arm f will ,the parts are reset in readiness for the fresh set of yarn-receivers.

I have shown the ring-rail in Fig. l as it would appear after a small portion of yarn has been laid upon the yarn-receivers to more A strip, shown clearly show' the normal" cooperation of the locking-arm with detentrpawl f.

that such brake action is the same at any given time on all the travelers of a set, so that the yarn laid upon one bobbin will be of the same character and uniformity as the yarn laid upon any of the other bobbins.

In practice the brake-rings I) may be made of hardened steel, with a perfectly flat and polished upper edge, to exert the proper braking action upon the traveler with as little wear as possible. Any other suitable means may be employed to connect the various brakes and to cause their rise and fall at the proper times instead of the particular mechanism herein shown and described. By reason of centrifugal force the greatest wear ordinarily comes upon the inner end of the traveler, in-

asmuch as the latter is canted or tilted over into substantially the position shown in Fig. 1, and by the brakingaction the traveler is tilted more or less in the opposite direction,

thus relieving the inner end of the traveler from some of the wear, so that so far as concerns wear upon the traveler due to the braking action it may be practically disregarded, as any increased Wear on the outer end of the traveler is practically compensated for by decreased wear on its inner end.

I have shown one convenient mechanism for effecting the particular reciprocation of the brake-actuating rod or slide-bar c and also a simple and convenient device to compensate for the gain of the ring-rail; but either or both of said mechanisms or devices may be varied or rearranged without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.-

In Fig; 7 the yarn-receiver or bobbinin .is shown with a portion of its yarn load thereon laid with the filling wind, it being understood by those skilled in the art that when the ringrail is at the bottom of its traverse the diameter of the yarn load will be greatest and such diameter will be least when the ring-rail is at the upper end of its traverse, the yarn then being laid upon the bare bobbin.

While I have shown an apparatus embodying my invention adapted to lay filling-wind, my invention is not restricted to such winding nor to the particular mechanism by which such winding is effected. Y

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In'spinning or twisting apparatus, an annular support, a traveler in operative engagement therewith, and separate means to automatically vary the resistance of the traveler and thereby equalize the tension of the yarn, said means acting upon the traveler throughout its circular path of movement.

. ment.

3., In spinning or twisting apparatus, an annular support, a traveler in operative engagement therewith, and means operative independently of the pull of the yarn to vary the resistance of the traveler inaccordance with variations in the diameter of the yarnreceiver or the yarn-load, said means acting continuously upon the traveler throughout its path of movement.

4. In spinning or twisting apparatus, an annular support, a traveler in operative engagement therewith, and separate means to increase or decrease the resistance of the traveler as the diameter of the yarn-receiver or' yarn-load increases or dimmishes, sald means acting upon-the traveler throughout its circular movement upon the annular support.

5. In spinning or twisting apparatus, a ring, a traveler in operative engagement therewith, and means to automatically and variably brake thetraveler outside the ring thoughout the path of movement of the traveler and thereby equalize the tension on the yarn.

6. In spinning or twisting apparatus, aring having a double-flanged head, a traveler in operative engagement with the head, and concentric, annular means to cooperate with and vary the resistance of the traveler in accordance with variations in the diameter of the yarn-receiver or the yarn-load thereon.

7. In spinning or twisting apparatus, a support having an annular, laterally-enlarged head, a .traveler straddling the head and in operative engagement therewith, and means to effect a graduated braking action on thev traveler, to equalize the tension on the yarn,

said means acting upon the traveler throughout its circular path ofmovement.

8. In spinning or twisting apparatus, a support having an annular, laterally-enlarged head, a traveler straddling the head and in operative engagement therewith, and means to apply a brake to the free end of the traveler outside the head and throughout the path of movement of the traveler.

9. In spinning or twisting apparatus, a ring, a traveler revoluble thereon, and means operative independently of the yarn to variably retard the movement of the traveler in accordance with the increase or decrease of the diameter of the yarn-receiver or the yarnload thereon, said means operating upon the traveler throughout the circular path of movement thereof. 4

10. In spinning or twisting apparatus, a

ring, a traveler in operative engagement therewith, a concentric annular brake to cooperate w1th the traveler, and means to automatically govern the operation of the brake and its action upon the traveler.

1 1. In spinning or twisting apparatus, a

ring, a traveler in operative engagement therewith, an annular brake to cooperate with the traveler throughout its path of movement and means to raise the brake against the traveler and to lower said brake as the diameter of the yarn-receiver or the yarn-load thereon in; creases or decreases.

12. In spinning or twisting apparatus, a

ring, a traveler in operative engagement therewith, an annular brake mounted on the ring below the traveler, and means to raise and lower the brake to thereby increase or decrease the action thereof upon the traveler.

13. In spinning or twisting apparatus, aring, atraveler in operative engagement therewith, an annular-brake rotatively mounted on the exterior of the ring below the traveler, the brake being provided with a cam, and means to turn the brake and through the cam efiect vertical movement of said brake to vary the action thereof upon the traveler.

14. In a spinning or twisting apparatus, a vertically-reciprocating ring-rail, a series of rings mounted thereon and each having a traveler in operative engagement therewith, and means to automatically brake the travelers throughout their circular paths of movement during a predetermined portion of the traverse of the ring-rail.

15. In a spinning or twisting apparatus, a Vertically-reciprocating ring-rail, a series of rings mounted thereon and each having a traveler in operative engagement therewith, andmeans to brake the travelers throughout their circular paths of movement at the beginning of the rise of the ring-rail and graduallydeers throughout their circular paths of movement at the bottom of the traverse of the ring-rail and gradually decrease such retardation as the rail rises, and to reverse the operation as the rail descends.

17. In a spinning or twisting apparatus, a vertically-reciprocating ring-rail, a series of rings mounted thereon and each havinga traveler in operative engagement therewith,a concentric, annular brake for each traveler, and

means to simultaneously operate the brakes during the traverse of the ring-rail, to grad ually diminish their action as the rail rises and gradually increase their action as therail descends.

18. In a spinning or twisting apparatus, a ring-rail, means to traverse it for the filling wind, a series of rings mounted on the rail and travelers in operative engagement with the rings, means to variably brake the travelers according to the movement of the ringrail in its traverse, and a controlling device for such means to compensate for the gain of the traverse, the braking means for the travelers acting upon the same throughout their circular paths of movement.

19. In a spinning or twisting apparatus, a

verticallyreciprocating ring-rail, a series of series of rings mounted thereon each provided with a traveler, means to traverse the .ringrail to lay the yarn with filling windupon the yarn-receivers, individualtraveler-brakes, and means to operate the brakes with maximumefiect at the beginning of each rise of the rail and to reduce their effect to a minimum as the rise is completed, and conversely on the descent of the rail, to equalize the tension of the yarn throughout the traverse, the

brakes acting upon the travelers throughout their circular paths of movement.

21. In a spinning or twisting apparatus, a

ring-rail, a series of rings mounted thereon,

each having a traveler in operative engagement therewlth, acorrespondmg series oi rotatable yarn-receivers, a circular brake concentric with each ring to cooperate with each traveler, and means to slmultaneously increase or decrease the action of the brakes as the diameter of the yarn-receivers or the yarn loads thereon increases or decreases.

22. In a spinning or twisting apparatus, a

reciprocating ring-rail, a series of rings thereon each having a traveler in operative engagement therewith, a brake for and to cooperate with each traveler, means to traverse the ringrail and cause a gain thereof on each traverse, mechanism to apply the brakes at the beginning of the rise of the rail and to gradually diminish their action as the traverse continues, and to reverse such action as the rail descends, to equalize the tension on the yarn throughout the traverse, a device to set the brake mechanism at the bottom of each traverse and compensate for the gain of the rail, and means operated by winding down of the rail to automatically reset the brake mechanism and compensating device in readiness for a fresh operation of the apparatus.

23. In a spinning or twisting apparatus, a reciprocating ring-rail, a series of rings thereon each having a traveler in operative engagement therewith, a brake for and to cooperate with' each traveler, connections between and to operate the brakes simultaneously, a spring to act through said connections and apply the brakes with maximum eifect when the rail is at the bottom of its'traverse, means to traverse the ring-rail, and means to move the brakes in opposition to the spring as the rail rises, to gradually decrease the action of the brakes upon the travelers, the descent of the rail acting through said means to permit the spring to gradually increase the action of the brakes.

24:. In a spinning or twisting apparatus, a ring-rail, a series of rings mounted thereon, a traveler in operative engagement with each ring, an annular brake mounted externally upon each ring below its traveler, means to turn the brakes simultaneously upon the rings, andmeans to raise the brakes against the outer portions of the travelers when said brakes are turned in one direction, to retard the movement of the travelers.

25. In aspinning or twisting apparatus, a series of rotatable yarn-receivers, a ring-rail provided-with a corresponding series of rings and travelers, an annular brake for each traveler and concentric with its ring, connections between the brakes, and means to move the brakes .simultaneously to engage the travelers outside the rings when the diameter of the yarn-receivers or their yarn loads increases, and to withdraw the brakes from the travelers 'when such diameter diminishes, to equalize the tension on the yarn irrespective of the diameter of the yarn receivers or their yarn loads.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

GEORGE PALEY.

Witnesses: WILLIAM HENRY TAYLOR, WILLIAM ARTHUR CoLE oUn 

